Royal Mechanical Engineering

Throttling is a process in which the flow of fluid is restricted by closing the valve partially. Now imagine their are students in a class room and as the bell rungs they started moving out. Now if the door is opened partially then their will be clusters form by the students. Similarly in flow of fluid their is restriction to flow. now as students form clusters they pushing other students and in the same way fluid particles start rubbing with other molecules and as a result friction is their and as we all know friction is one of the biggest reason for any process to make it irreversible. Hence it is clear that Throttling is irreversible. EXAMPLES OF THROTTLING PROCESS 1. Flow through a partially opened valve as in IC engines 2. Flow through a very small opening e.g orifice . 3. Flow through a porous plug. Characteristics of Throttling 1. No Work Transfer Explanation: As we know their is work transfer in turbines due to very large pressure difference. but in...